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ADVICES ABOUT TAKING TEMPERATURE

The old traditional way of taking the temperature of a person was the rectal route, using a glass thermometer filld with mercury. Nowaadays this method has fallen in disuse in many areas, except for small children.

We now also have got electronic thermometers, some for use in special places like in the ear, others suitable for use at several points in the body. People also generally now have the notion that by using these devices, the temperature can be taken easily, without any discomfort and in nearly null time.

The truth is different. Whatever method one use, the termometer must be done accurately, one must use enough time to get a correct reading and the measured value must be interpreted according to method used. There is also a truth that no routine method really do give a correct core temperature. The temperature varies from place to place in the body, and no easily accessible area have the same temperature as the core areas in the body.

Here are some facts and advices about the different temperature taking methods. The advices presume that a modern electronic thermometer is used.

Rectal temperature: Most experts agree that rectal temperature comes closest to core temperature if performed correctly. Rectal temperature can be used at any age, not only on small children,  You must use a termometer that do not hurt the sensible skin in the rectal opening. A termometer with a fairly long probe and a rounded bulb at the tip is well suited. A thermometer with a flexible fairly thick probe can also be used. One must also lubricate the thermometer well.

The person you shall measure the temperatur on can lay on the side with the knees bent and the legs pulled up. When inserting, spread the buttocks apart, so that the rectal opening is well visible. Then jently push the probe inwards through the opening.

To take the rectal temperature of a little child, place the child prone (stomach side down) on a firm surface. Separating the buttocks. Then insert a lubricated thermometer approximately 1 inch into the rectum.

To get a good reading, it is necessary to insert the termometer around 1 inch. It must be inserted so that the whole metallic portion of the probe is inside. On must also hold it inside for at least one minute.

In children, normal rectal temperature ranges from 36 degrees C (96.8F) to 37C (98.6F). In adults the normal temperature is around 37C (98.6F), Any temperature over 37.7C (100F) is classed as a fever.

Oral temperature: Also for oral temperature, one can use a thermometer with a long probe and with a bulbed tip. The whole probe must be inserted into the mouth under one side of the thongue. The lips must be closed around the therometer. It must recide in the mouth at least one minute. The patient must not breath through the mouth.

It is difficult to fulfil a correct placement of a oral therometer. It can also be uncomfortable for a sick person to have the thermometer inside with a closed mouth for some time. If the correct placement is obtained, one gets a temperature reading that is  lower that for the rectal temperature. Normal oral temperature reding  for a child is between 97.6° and 99.3° F (36.4° and 37.4° C). The normal oral temperature for older persons is 96.8° F (36° C).

Ear or tympanic temperature: The thermometers used for thympanic temperature is specially made to be used in this area. People think this is an easy way of obtaining a correct temperature. It is not. This method is heavily dependent on accuracy, and even trained nurses at hospitals often perform the method erromously.

The probe of the thermometer measures the infrared radiation form the thympanic membrane, and calculates the temperature from this reading. To obtaine a correct reding, the probe must be inserted a long enough way, so that the tip is cose to the thympanic membrane, and in must be inserted with the right angle.

You must also gently be pull the ear  backwordsand often also a little up to straighten out the ear chanal. Then aim the tip of the ear probe midway between the opposite eye and earlobe.
It is often necessary to cautiously negotiate the angle when inserting to get it correctly placed.  The shape and length inwards to the thympanic membrane varies from person to person, making the use of the methods difficult.

Inserting the probe a long enoug way and with the correct angle can also be unpleacent if you are not very cautious, and there is also a chance that you will touch or stretch the thympanic membrane and cause pain.

Still, if you manage the difficut task of inserting the thermometer correctly, this method give a correct reading. Since tympanic thermometers calculate the temperature, you can usually choose between showing the temperature calculated to a rectal reading or a oral reading.

In children, a normal calculated rectal temperature ranges from 36 degrees C (96.8F) to 37C (98.6F). In adults the normal temperature is around 37C (98.6F), Any temperature over 37.7C (100F) is classed as a fever.

Normal calculated oral temperature reding  for a child is between 97.6° and 99.3° F (36.4° and 37.4° C). The normal oral temperature for older persons is 96.8° F (36° C).

Axillary temperature: By this method the temperature is taken in the hollow zones under the shoulders. The thermometer tip us held fimly at the mid part of this zone, and the arm of the patient's arm must be helf firmly against the side of the breat, so that the therometer is held i place. You must allow the thermoeter to stay at place a long time before reading. Usual axillary temperature reading is 97.6 degree F. 

Forehead temperature: By this method a liquid crystal thermomenter is used. This is a flat device with a heat-sensitive panel on one side and panels with numbers on the other. When the sensitive side is placed on the forehead, the temperature number is lit up on the panel side. Liquid crystal thermometers is not very accurate, but can give a sense about a person having a fever or not.

Pacifier temperature: By this method one uses a pacifier with a temperature probe and calualator included. It is used on small children.. To use this method, have the child suck on the pacifier until it reaches a steady-state and you hear a beep. This takes normally 3 to 4 minutes. This method is not very accurate. The temperature shown is a calculated rectal reading. A normal reading will be

 The child has a fever if the pacifier reads more than 100F or 37.8 c.

An old fashioned fever thermometer to use in the rectum or mouth